mathsurgery - Transformations and coordinates year 9

All
• Relate the current problem and structure to previous situations
• Identify all the symmetries of 2-D shapes
• Transform 2-D shapes by rotation, reflection and translation, on paper and using ICT
• Try out mathematical representations of simple combinations of these transformations
• Understand and use the language and notation associated with enlargement; enlarge 2-D shapes, given a centre of enlargement and a positive integer scale factor; explore enlargement using ICT
• Know that if two 2-D shapes are congruent, corresponding sides and angles are equal

Most
• Look for and reflect on other approaches
• Build on previous experience of similar situations and outcomes
• Identify reflection symmetry in 3-D shapes
• Recognise that translations, rotations and reflections preserve length and angle, and map objects on to congruent images
• Devise instructions for a computer to generate and transform shapes
• Explore and compare mathematical representations of combinations of translations, rotations and reflections of 2-D shapes, on paper and using ICT
• Enlarge 2-D shapes, given a centre of enlargement and a positive integer scale factor, on paper and using ICT; identify the scale factor of an enlargement as the ratio of the lengths of any two corresponding line segments; recognise that enlargements preserve angle but not length, and understand the implications of enlargement for perimeter
• Understand congruence and explore similarity

Some
• Look for equivalence to different problems with similar structure
• Transform 2-D shapes by combinations of translations, rotations and reflections, on paper and using ICT; use congruence to show that translations, rotations and reflections preserve length and angle
• Use any point as the centre of rotation; measure the angle of rotation, using fractions of a turn or degrees; understand that translations are specified by a vector
• Enlarge 2-D shapes using positive, fractional and negative scale factors, on paper and using ICT; recognise the similarity of the resulting shapes; understand and use the effects of enlargement on perimeter
• Know that if two 2-D shapes are similar, corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are in the same ratio; understand from this that any two circles and any two squares are mathematically similar while in general any two rectangles are not

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Transformations and coordinates year 9